Both take part in the synthesis of DNA molecules.DNA polymerase and Klenow fragment are two types of protein components. ![]() Similarities Between DNA Polymerase and Klenow Fragment This process is called the proofreading activity. In addition, its 3′ to 5′ exonuclease activity is responsible for the elimination of improperly inserted bases while polymerization proceeds. The main function of the Klenow fragment is to undergo DNA synthesis by the 5′ to 3′ polymerase activity. Here, the largest fragment is the Klenow fragment that contains 5′ to 3′ polymerase and 3′ to 5′ exonuclease (proofreading) activity domains. Usually, this digestion produces two fragments, a large fragment and a small fragment. coli DNA polymerase I by the action of the enzyme protease subtilisin. The Klenow fragment is the result of the proteolytic digestion of E. DNA polymerase V takes part in DNA repair. On the contrary, DNA polymerase IV takes part in non-targeted mutagenesis. Meanwhile, DNA polymerase III holoenzyme is the main enzyme responsible for DNA replication in prokaryotes. Additionally, DNA polymerase II only has 3′ to 5′ exonuclease activity. Here, DNA polymerase I has both 3′ to 5′ and 5′ to 3′ exonuclease activity. Moreover, the main types of DNA polymerases that occur in prokaryotes include DNA polymerase I, II, III, IV, and V. Other DNA polymerases take part in DNA repair. However, only α, δ, and ε polymerases take part in DNA replication. Generally, in eukaryotes, six types of DNA polymerases occur they are DNA polymerases α, β, γ, δ, ε, and ζ. Some of the significant features of DNA polymerase include the addition of nucleotides in the 5′ to 3′ direction on the growing strand and the requirement of an RNA primer – in other words, a pre-existing 3′-OH group for the initiation of synthesis. – Comparison of Key Differences Key TermsĭNA Polymerase, Klenow Fragment What is DNA PolymeraseĭNA polymerase is the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of DNA inside the cell. Difference Between DNA Polymerase and Klenow Fragment Similarities Between DNA Polymerase and Klenow FragmentĤ. The exo-Klenow fragment is used in some fluorescent labeling reactions for microarray, and also in dA and dT tailing, an important step in the process of ligating DNA adapters to DNA fragments, frequently used in preparing DNA libraries for Next-Gen sequencing.The main difference between DNA polymerase and Klenow fragment is that DNA polymerase is the enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of DNA molecules, whereas the Klenow fragment is the largest segment of DNA polymerase I obtained by the enzymatic cleavage of protease subtilisin.ĭNA polymerase and Klenow fragment are two types of protein components that involve in the synthesis of DNA molecules. This form of the enzyme is called the exo- Klenow fragment. This results in forms of the enzyme being expressed that retain 5' → 3' polymerase activity, but lack any exonuclease activity (5' → 3' or 3' → 5'). This problem can be overcome by introducing mutations in the gene that encodes Klenow. ![]() Just as the 5' → 3' exonuclease activity of DNA polymerase I from E.coli can be undesirable, the 3' → 5' exonuclease activity of Klenow fragment can also be undesirable for certain applications. The Klenow fragment was also the original enzyme used for greatly amplifying segments of DNA in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) process, before being replaced by thermostable enzymes such as Taq polymerase.
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